موقف الحزب الشيوعي العراقي من القضية الكردية في العراق (1968 -1934)
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2018-05-16
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Abstract
The Kurdish issue was one of the most important issues
that occupied a large part of the activity of the Iraqi Communist
Party, which emphasized its importance and the need to deal
with it since the beginning of its establishment in 1934 as one of
the most complex issues facing the Iraqi state, and because this
issue is of high importance, the Iraqi Communist Party had to
determine its position on this issue as one of the most important
political parties operating in the Iraqi field at the time.
The study consisted of three chapters, an introduction, a
conclusion and an appendix. The first chapter, entitled Position
of the Communist Party on the Kurdish Question 1934-1958,
dealt with the Marxist perspective of minorities, the
developments of the Kurdish issue until 1934, the position of the
Communist Party on partisan life in Iraqi Kurdistan as well as
the relations between the Iraqi Communist Party and the
Kurdistan Democratic Party until 1958, As for the second
chapter, it highlighted the position of the Iraqi Communist Party
on the Kurdish issue in the era of Abdul Karim Qasim 1958-
1963, in which we discussed the position of the communists and
Kurds from the July 14 revolution, the role of the Iraqi
Communist Party and the Kurdistan Democratic Party in
suppressing the movement of Mosul in March 1959, and the
rebellion of Rashid Lulan and Abbas Mamand, and the events of
Kirkuk, as well as the position of the Iraqi Communist Party
from the events of September 1961, and the developments of the
crisis in Kurdistan until 1963. The third chapter we have shown
in it the position of the party on the Kurdish issue 1963-1968,
and the study dealt with the position of the Communist Party of
the Kurdish issue under the reign of Abdul Salam Arif and the
reign of Abdul Rahman Arif until the end of 1968.
b
The Iraqi Communist Party was the only international party that,
since its establishment, sought to present solutions and slogans
to the issues of nationalities, especially the Kurdish issue, The
study found that there is some contradiction in the positions of
the Iraqi Communist Party, which quickly abandoned the
principle of independence of Kurdistan, mentioned in the first
statement of the Anti-Colonial Society and investment in the
first congress of the Communist Party in 1944,where the slogan
of rights and equality was resolved for the Kurds replaced the
slogan independence and the word minority instead of the words
of the Kurdish people. Hence, the Iraqi Communist Party
embarked on a broad national concept, especially after realizing
that the British officials sought to exploit the Kurdish issue in
their favor and to tamper with the capabilities of the Kurdish
people at that time in history of contemporary Iraq.
The Communist Party of Iraq stressed the need to give the
Kurds their national rights within the framework of Iraqi unity,
and opposed the idea of separation. In March 1953, a qualitative
change took place in the party's position through the new charter
prepared by the secretary of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party Bahaauddin Nuri, in which he called for
recognition of the right of separation to the Kurdish people and
to ensure the real equality of other national groups. The reason
for this change in the position of the party is the arrival of
Kurdish figures to the leadership of the Central Committee of
the Iraqi Communist Party, but there has been a clear decline in
this position because of widespread splits in the ranks of the
party, which considered separatism an invitation propagated by
the colonial propaganda to divide the unity of the struggle of the
Arab and Kurdish peoples, And agreed to the autonomy of Iraqi
Kurdistan within the Iraqi unity, although he continued to