التشغيل الهيدروليكي للجزء الغربي من هور الحمّار
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2022-04-11
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Abstract The Mesopotamian marshlands are located in southern Iraq, they are the Middle East's largest wetland ecosystem, which has been suffered from drought in recent decades. AL Hammar Marsh is one of these marshes, the salty waters of The Main Outfall Drain, MOD, were suggested to be used to re-flood it. The west part of it was taken In this study as a sample of the marsh. This study attempts to find hydraulic operations of the West Part of Al Hammar Marsh based on the law of conservation of mass. Five equations were developed to find a storages area that maintains the minimum quantity of the salty concentration in the Marsh, the required values of the inflow from Al Khamissiya Canal that achieves this area, the amount of outlet flow over the required submerged area, concentration TDS within the Marsh and the concentration TDS inflow to the Marsh from Al Khamisiya Canal. Data of effecting parameters (inflow, Evapotranspiration, inflow salty concentration) have been collected for a year (2020 ). The results showed that the largest submerged Area of the Marsh was during January and December, with a value of 2678.4 Km2. During May, the lowest area was 244.8 Km2, with an average Area for the year 2020 of 1153 Km2, while the largest amount of discharge coming from Al Khamisiya Canal was during January, with the value of 35 m3/s. The value of the average discharge coming from Al Khamisiya Canal during the year was 25 m3/s. The inflow coming from Euphrates River and Al Khamisiya Canal reached 70m3/s. While the highest discharge of
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the outlet was in December of 2.683 m3/s, and the lowest was during July it reached 0.279 m3/s, While the average discharge of the outlet reached during the year is 0.993 m3/s. As for the salty concentration within the Marsh was the largest amount during November of 5506 mg/l, the lowest amount during January of 2229 mg/l. As for the salty concentration coming from Al-Khamisiya Canal reached 8050 mg/l which is the largest amount was during September, the lowest amount was 4572 mg/l during March, and the annual rate reached 6315 mg/l. To achieve the highest submerged area, the largest discharge feeders, the largest discharge from MOD, which enters the marsh through Al Khamisiya Canal, and the lowest outflow must be selected. According to the results, the largest amount of discharge from the Euphrates feeders was 87.5 m3/s in July, the largest amount of discharge from Al Khamissiya Canal was 35 m3/s in January, and the lowest discharge from the outlet was 0.279 m3/s in July. The lowest TDS concentration within the marsh occurs When the least amount of TDS is taken from AL Khamisiya Canal, which reached 4572 mg/l in March, with the lowest discharge from AL Khamisiya Canal, which was 13 m3/s in June, with the largest outflow discharge to ensure that the salts are expelled, which was 2.683 m3/s in December, and the lowest value of evapotranspiration, which was 50mm in January. As a result of this research, five equations have been obtained to calculate the hydraulic operations of the west part of Al Hammar Marsh at any time without resorting to other methods.