استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد والمسح الارضي لمراقبة التغيرات الهيدرولوجية لبحيرة ساوه وايجاد البدائل لانقاذها من الجفاف
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Date
2021-10-17
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Abstract
Sawa Lake is one of the rare lakes that is located in a dry environment,
and its waters have been subjected to a significant decline in their levels
as a result of natural and human factors. This study aims to monitor the
changes that the lake has undergone, to identify the volume of its water
and its sources of nutrition, and to know the factors that led to its drying
out.
Hydrological changes were monitored through ground surveys using the
GR3 device, through which the topographic map of the lake was built, as
well as using the satellite visuals of the American satellite Landsat and the
European satellite Sentinel 2 based on the NDWI standard, and it was
found through the study The lake began to decline in its levels in the year
2014, and began to decline and fluctuate in its levels until it reached a
state of complete drought and the lake’s eye stopped pumping on 4-8-
2021. The decline in human operations represented by digging wells and
increasing water consumption for winter agricultural activity, within The
formation of Dammam, which is the underground reservoir that feeds the
lake, as well as the natural factors represented by the modern tectonic
activation of the Euphrates crack, which resulted in the earthquakes that
led to the collapse of the rocks surrounding the lake, as well as the climatic
changes represented by the lack of rain falling on the feeding basins and
the accompanying rise in temperatures High amounts of evaporation