احمد عبد الله ظاهر الزياديأ.د حسام محمد كريدي2024-11-252024-11-252021-07-08https://dspace.utq.edu.iq/handle/123456789/322Cynomorium coccineum L. is an unusual parasitic plant in the family Cynomoriaceae characterized by their unusual appearance and way of life. Due to their special habit and extremely rare occurrence, various magical properties have been attributed to these plants in the past. In the beginning, the alcoholic extract (ethanol 70%), alcoholic extract (ethanol 50%), alcoholic extract (methanol 70%), alcoholic extract (methanol 50%) , Aqueous extract, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids were extracted from the plant using an Ultrasonic device, the extraction ratio was (10.211 %, 16.521%, 18.035 %, 12.208 %, 15.531 %, 8.6 %, 6.4%, 1.2 %) respectively.The results of preliminary phytochemical screening of plant extracts showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, steroids, and carbohydrates in all extracts. It was found that alkaloids are present in the methanolic extract only, but the amino acids are present in the aqueous extract and are not present in the rest of the four extracts. Through the results obtained from the phytochemical study, we note that the Cynomorium coccineum L. is rich in active substances, and this is expected because previous studies found many active compounds present in the form of chemical hosts in the Cynomorium coccineum L. plant such as carbohydrates, glycosides, phenol, saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Evaluation of antioxidant activity by inhibiting the (1,1- diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and Ferric ion reducing, it study results showed that all extracts have antioxidant activity by (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging with different concentrations, showed the superiority of the flavonoid at a concentration of (100mg/ml) with a (90.68%) inhibition ratio, polyphenol isolated (88.39%) at a concentration of (100 mg/ml), tannin isolated (85.63%) at a concentration of (100 mg/ml), and alcoholic extract (ethanol 70%) (83.98%) at a concentration of (100 mg/ml) Compared to ascorbic acid, which recorded (82.14%) at a concentration of (100 mg/ml). Whereas, the alcoholic extract (ethanol 70%) recorded the lowest inhibition rate at a concentration of (20 mg/ml). Also, results showed that all extracts have Reducing power activities than the control, where polyphenol has the highest activity (80.11%) at concentration 100 mg/ml. And the anti-fungal activity of each of the alcoholic extract, polyphenol, tannin, and flavonoid was tested against five types of fungi, namely (C.Tropicals, C.Albicans, C. Cruze, C.Glabrata, Rhodotorella) by using the good disk diffusion method. The extracts showed a clear inhibition effect against fungal at (25, 50, 75, and 100)mg/ml concentrations. Through the results, we note an increase in the inhibition zone of the five fungi by increasing the concentration of the extract, to increase the active substance affecting the increase in concentration. The numbers also indicate that the extracts have a clear activity against Rhodotorella because it is considered less effective than vetch. In most cases, the variation in inhibition rates is the nature of the fungus's composition. Because of differences in the structure and thickness of cell membranes, the number of fungal cells, and the rate of growth of different fungi. Cells with thick walls are more immune to the influence of active compounds in extracts since these compounds are unable to enter the cells to harm them. The activity of these groups was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the four isolated groups have a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 between Cynomorium coccineum L. extract concentration and control for (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosaentext::thesis